, Alan, 1St Earl Of Richmond

Alan of Penthièvre of Brittany, 1st Earl of Richmond, 1st Earl ofCornwall (before 1100 – 15 September 1146),[1][a] Breton Alan Penteur,also known as "Alan the Black", was a Breton noble who fought forStephen, King of England.[2] Alan was the third son of Stephen, Count ofTréguier and Hawise de Guingamp.

Alan married Bertha of Brittany, daughter of Conan III, Duke of Brittany,in a politically arranged marriage, perhaps in a move to draw Brittanyonto Stephen''s side in the conflict against the dispossessed EmpressMatilda. In part to promote the alliance with Conan III of Brittany.Stephen created Alan 1st Earl of Richmond. The title Earl of Richmond hadbeen held by Alan''s uncle, Alan Rufus, who had died heirless.Additionally, Stephen recognized Alan as Earl of Cornwall, in recognitionof his other uncle Brian who had formerly possessed Cornwall. Alan wasdeprived of Cornwall by Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester, after theBattle of Lincoln (1141).

With Bertha, Duchess of Brittany, he had three children:
Conan IV, Duke of Brittany, their son and heir.
Constance, who married Alan III, Vicomte of Rohan.
Enougen, abbess of St. Sulpice.
In addition, Alan had four illegitimate sons:[3]
Bryan FitzAlan, progenitor of the Lords of Bedale in Richmondshire.
Stephen FitzAlan.
Reynold FitzAlan.
Robert FitzAlan.

Alan died in Brittany by 1146 and was buried at Bégard. After his death,Bertha returned to Brittany.[b]

His son Conan IV inherited his title as Earl of Richmond and would laterinherit the title Duke of Brittany.