, Boniface Ii, Margrave Of Tuscany

Boniface II (or I) (died circa 838) was the count and duke of Lucca (from5 October 823) and first margrave of Tuscany from about 828. He succeededhis father Boniface I in Lucca — in what was an early example ofhereditary succession — and extended his power over the region. Duringhis tenure, the bishops of Lucca gradually lost control of the municipalgovernment, which fell to the counts.
Since 770, the counts of Lucca had been charged with the coastal defenceof Tuscany and Corsica. In February 825, at Marengo, the Emperor LothairI emanated a Capitula de expeditione corsicana for the defence of theisland. In 828, Boniface received the titles of prefectus and tutela overthe island from Lothair and the legateship of the island from the bishopof Luni. In July and August 828, he led a small fleet in search ofSaracen pirates. Finding none at sea, the fleet landed at Sardinia andthere decided to attack Africa. They assaulted the Saracen coast betweenUtica and Carthage with success. The fleet then returned to Corsica.
In 833, Boniface backed Louis the Pious against his son Lothair, whopromptly dispossessed him and put Aganus in his place. In 834, he joinedwith Ratald, Bishop of Verona, and Pepin, Count of Vermandois, to freethe Empress Judith of Bavaria from her convent-prison. They escorted herback to Louis at Aachen. Boniface spent 836–838 in Germany at court.
Eventually he retired to hereditary lands in southern France. He wasinvited to participate in the trial of Bernard of Septimania, but diedbefore he could. His son Adalbert regained the Tuscan march later.