Toda Aznárez, also Teuda de Larraun or Tota (c. 885–aft. 970), was thequeen-consort of Pamplona through her marriage to Sancho I, who reigned905–925, and was regent of Pamplona, 931–934. Later in life, she ruled asubkingdom created for her.
She was the daughter of Aznar Sánchez, lord of Larraun, paternal grandsonof king García Íñiguez of Pamplona, while her mother Onneca Fortúnez wasa daughter of king Fortún Garcés. Thus, Toda''s children were alsodescendants of the Arista dynasty of Navarrese monarchs. She was sisterof Sancha Aznárez, wife of king Jimeno Garcés, her husband''s brother andsuccessor, while Toda and Sancha were also aunts of Caliph Abd-ar-RahmanIII, through their mother''s first marriage to ‘Abdullah ibn Muhammad.
With the death of her brother-in-law Jimeno in 931, she became regent andguardian for her young son, García Sánchez I. In 934 Toda signed a treatypledging allegiance to her nephew Abd-ar-Rahman III, and releasedhostages of the Banu Di n-Nun clan, the caliph confirming the rule of herson García (this has sometimes been interpreted as an act of the Caliphto liberate García from his mother''s direct control). This led to therebellion in Falces by a count Fortún Garcés, an "irascible man who hatedMuslims", the uprising being suppressed with Cordoban arms. Toda violatedher treaty in 937, forcing a punitive campaign.
During several stretches she appears in the royal charters of the kingdomto the exclusion of her daughter-in-law, the queen, from 947 to 955, andagain in 959. In 958 she was ruling her own subkingdom, in the area ofDegio and Lizarra, towns not otherwise identified.[1]
The same year, she took an interest in the health of her Leonese grandsonSancho I, whose obesity was largely responsible for hisdethronement.[2][3] Toda requested the assistance of Abd-ar-Rahman III,the Caliphate of Córdoba being renowned for its physicians. The caliphsent her his Jewish physician Hasdai ibn Shaprut, who promised to cureSancho on condition that Toda visit the city of Córdoba.[4] Therefore,Toda, her son García Sánchez I of Pamplona and grandson Sancho I of León,nobles and clergymen arrived in Córdoba, where they were received withfull honors and amid much pomp.[5][6][7] The arrival of this Christianqueen in the capital of an Islamic caliphate enhanced Abd-ar-Rahman III''sprestige among his subjects,[8] and is considered a landmark in thehistory of medieval diplomacy.[9] Sancho''s medical treatment wassuccessful, and he was "relieved from his excessive corpulence."[10][11]
She had been an energetic diplomat, arranging political marriages for herdaughters among the competing royalty and nobility of Christian Iberia.
The Codex of Roda gives Sancho and Toda six children:
Oneca, married Alfonso IV of León in 926
Sancha, married Ordoño II of León, Count Alvaro Herraméliz of Álava, andFernán González, Count of Castile
Urraca, married Ramiro II of León
Velasquita (or Belasquita), married firstly Munio, count of Vizcaya,secondly Galindo, son of Bernard count of Ribagorza, and thirdly FortúnGalíndez, duke of Nájera.
Orbita
García, king of Pamplona
She was the daughter of Aznar Sánchez, lord of Larraun, paternal grandsonof king García Íñiguez of Pamplona, while her mother Onneca Fortúnez wasa daughter of king Fortún Garcés. Thus, Toda''s children were alsodescendants of the Arista dynasty of Navarrese monarchs. She was sisterof Sancha Aznárez, wife of king Jimeno Garcés, her husband''s brother andsuccessor, while Toda and Sancha were also aunts of Caliph Abd-ar-RahmanIII, through their mother''s first marriage to ‘Abdullah ibn Muhammad.
With the death of her brother-in-law Jimeno in 931, she became regent andguardian for her young son, García Sánchez I. In 934 Toda signed a treatypledging allegiance to her nephew Abd-ar-Rahman III, and releasedhostages of the Banu Di n-Nun clan, the caliph confirming the rule of herson García (this has sometimes been interpreted as an act of the Caliphto liberate García from his mother''s direct control). This led to therebellion in Falces by a count Fortún Garcés, an "irascible man who hatedMuslims", the uprising being suppressed with Cordoban arms. Toda violatedher treaty in 937, forcing a punitive campaign.
During several stretches she appears in the royal charters of the kingdomto the exclusion of her daughter-in-law, the queen, from 947 to 955, andagain in 959. In 958 she was ruling her own subkingdom, in the area ofDegio and Lizarra, towns not otherwise identified.[1]
The same year, she took an interest in the health of her Leonese grandsonSancho I, whose obesity was largely responsible for hisdethronement.[2][3] Toda requested the assistance of Abd-ar-Rahman III,the Caliphate of Córdoba being renowned for its physicians. The caliphsent her his Jewish physician Hasdai ibn Shaprut, who promised to cureSancho on condition that Toda visit the city of Córdoba.[4] Therefore,Toda, her son García Sánchez I of Pamplona and grandson Sancho I of León,nobles and clergymen arrived in Córdoba, where they were received withfull honors and amid much pomp.[5][6][7] The arrival of this Christianqueen in the capital of an Islamic caliphate enhanced Abd-ar-Rahman III''sprestige among his subjects,[8] and is considered a landmark in thehistory of medieval diplomacy.[9] Sancho''s medical treatment wassuccessful, and he was "relieved from his excessive corpulence."[10][11]
She had been an energetic diplomat, arranging political marriages for herdaughters among the competing royalty and nobility of Christian Iberia.
The Codex of Roda gives Sancho and Toda six children:
Oneca, married Alfonso IV of León in 926
Sancha, married Ordoño II of León, Count Alvaro Herraméliz of Álava, andFernán González, Count of Castile
Urraca, married Ramiro II of León
Velasquita (or Belasquita), married firstly Munio, count of Vizcaya,secondly Galindo, son of Bernard count of Ribagorza, and thirdly FortúnGalíndez, duke of Nájera.
Orbita
García, king of Pamplona
- 885 - Birth -
- AFT 970 - Death -
PARENT (M) Aznar Sánchez de Laron | |||
Birth | |||
Death | |||
Marriage | 882/883 | to Onneca Fortúnez | |
Father | Sancho Garcés | ||
Mother | Unknown | ||
PARENT (F) Onneca Fortúnez | |||
Birth | ABT 848 | ||
Death | AFT 890 | ||
Marriage | 882/883 | to Aznar Sánchez de Laron | |
Marriage | ABT 863 | to Abdallah ibn Mohammed | |
Father | Fortún Garcés of Pamplona | ||
Mother | Oria | ||
CHILDREN | |||
F | Toda Aznárez of Navarre | ||
Birth | 885 | ||
Death | AFT 970 | ||
Marriage | to Sancho I of Pamplona |
PARENT (M) Sancho I of Pamplona | |||
Birth | |||
Death | |||
Marriage | to Toda Aznárez of Navarre | ||
Father | García Jiménez of Pamplona | ||
Mother | Dadildis of Pallars | ||
PARENT (F) Toda Aznárez of Navarre | |||
Birth | 885 | ||
Death | AFT 970 | ||
Marriage | to Sancho I of Pamplona | ||
Father | Aznar Sánchez de Laron | ||
Mother | Onneca Fortúnez | ||
CHILDREN | |||
F | Sancha Sánchez of Pamplona | ||
Birth | |||
Death | |||
Marriage | to Ordoño II of León | ||
Marriage | to Fernán González of Castile | ||
M | García Sánchez I of Pamplona | ||
Birth | |||
Death | |||
Marriage | to Teresa | ||
Marriage | to Andregoto Galíndez | ||
F | Urraca Sánchez of Pamplona | ||
Birth | |||
Death | |||
Marriage | to Ramiro II of León |
1 Toda Aznárez of Navarre b: 885 d: AFT 970
5 Alfonso V of León b: ABT 994 d: 7 AUG 1028
+ Elvira Mendes d: 2 DEC 1022
7 Alfonso VI of León and Castile b: BEF JUN 1040 d: June 29/July 1, 1109
+ Isabel
+ Constance of Burgundy d: September/October 1093
9 Alfonso VII of León and Castile b: 1 MAR 1105 d: 21 AUG 1157
10 Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
+ Berengaria of Barcelona d: 1149
+ Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
9 Afonso I of Portugal b: 25 JUN 1109 d: 6 DEC 1185
+ ?
+ Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
7 Alfonso VI of León and Castile b: BEF JUN 1040 d: June 29/July 1, 1109
+ Isabel
+ Constance of Burgundy d: September/October 1093
9 Alfonso VII of León and Castile b: 1 MAR 1105 d: 21 AUG 1157
10 Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
+ Berengaria of Barcelona d: 1149
+ Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
9 Afonso I of Portugal b: 25 JUN 1109 d: 6 DEC 1185
9 Berengaria of Barcelona d: 1149
+ Alfonso VII of León and Castile b: 1 MAR 1105 d: 21 AUG 1157
10 Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
5 Alfonso V of León b: ABT 994 d: 7 AUG 1028
+ Elvira Mendes d: 2 DEC 1022
7 Alfonso VI of León and Castile b: BEF JUN 1040 d: June 29/July 1, 1109
+ Isabel
+ Constance of Burgundy d: September/October 1093
9 Alfonso VII of León and Castile b: 1 MAR 1105 d: 21 AUG 1157
10 Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
+ Berengaria of Barcelona d: 1149
+ Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
9 Afonso I of Portugal b: 25 JUN 1109 d: 6 DEC 1185
+ ?
+ Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
7 Alfonso VI of León and Castile b: BEF JUN 1040 d: June 29/July 1, 1109
+ Isabel
+ Constance of Burgundy d: September/October 1093
9 Alfonso VII of León and Castile b: 1 MAR 1105 d: 21 AUG 1157
10 Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
+ Berengaria of Barcelona d: 1149
+ Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
9 Afonso I of Portugal b: 25 JUN 1109 d: 6 DEC 1185
+ Agnes of Aquitaine, Queen of Aragon b: ABT 1105 d: ABT 1159
10 Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
7 Sancha
7 Theresa
+ Alfonso V of León b: ABT 994 d: 7 AUG 1028
+ ?
+ Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
7 Alfonso VI of León and Castile b: BEF JUN 1040 d: June 29/July 1, 1109
+ Isabel
+ Constance of Burgundy d: September/October 1093
9 Alfonso VII of León and Castile b: 1 MAR 1105 d: 21 AUG 1157
10 Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
+ Berengaria of Barcelona d: 1149
+ Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
9 Afonso I of Portugal b: 25 JUN 1109 d: 6 DEC 1185
9 Berengaria of Barcelona d: 1149
+ Alfonso VII of León and Castile b: 1 MAR 1105 d: 21 AUG 1157
10 Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
+ Teresa
+ ?
+ Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
7 Alfonso VI of León and Castile b: BEF JUN 1040 d: June 29/July 1, 1109
+ Isabel
+ Constance of Burgundy d: September/October 1093
9 Alfonso VII of León and Castile b: 1 MAR 1105 d: 21 AUG 1157
10 Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre b: 1132
+ Berengaria of Barcelona d: 1149
+ Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
9 Afonso I of Portugal b: 25 JUN 1109 d: 6 DEC 1185
+ Agnes of Aquitaine, Queen of Aragon b: ABT 1105 d: ABT 1159
10 Alfonso II of Aragon b: MAR 1157 d: 25 APR 1196
7 Sancha
7 Theresa
+ Alfonso V of León b: ABT 994 d: 7 AUG 1028