, García Íñiguez Of Pamplona

García Íñiguez, sometimes García I, II, or III (Arabic: ????? ?? ??????????????, Garsiya ibn Wannaqo al Baškuniši; Latin: Garsea Enneconis),(c. 805 – 882) was king of Pamplona from 851/2 until his death.
He was educated in Córdoba, as a guest at the court of the Emir ofCórdoba. He was the son of Íñigo Arista, the first king of a Basquedynasty ruling in Pamplona up to the late 9th century. When his fatherwas stricken by paralysis in 842, he became regent of the kingdom (orperhaps co-regent with his uncle Fortún Íñiguez). He and his kinsman Musaibn Musa ibn Fortún of the Banu Qasi rebelled against the Cordoban emirin 843. This rebellion was put down by Emir Abd ar-Rahman II, whoattacked the Kingdom of Pamplona, defeating García badly and killingFortún. At his father''s death in 851/2 (237 A.H.), he succeeded to thecrown.
Following the death of Íñigo Arista, the Banu Qasi leader Musa ibn Musapursued a policy of closer allegiance with Muhammad I of Córdoba, leavingGarcía to look to Christian Asturias for an ally. In 859, Musa ibn Musaallowed a contingent of Vikings to pass through his lands and attackNavarre, resulting in the capture of García, who was forced to pay atleast 70,000 gold dinars in ransom. Later the same year, Musa ibn Musaattacked the Pamplonese city of Albelda. García and his new friend OrdoñoI of Asturias together dealt Musa a crushing blow, killing, it is said,10,000 of his magnates in the Battle of Albelda. This, in turn, provokeda Muslim[who?] response and the next year, 860, saw García''s son and heirFortún captured and imprisoned by the Moors.[who?] He languished inCórdoba for the next 20 years. In 870, García formed an alliance with theMuslim rebel Amrus ibn Umar ibn Amrus, who had killed Garcia''s nephewMusa ibn Galindo of Huesca, and the next year was apparently in a newalliance with the sons of Musa ibn Musa, now in rebellion againstCórdoba.
García I favoured the pilgrims who travelled to Santiago de Compostela,and attempted to guarantee peace for that traffic.[citation needed]
García''s death has been subject to scholarly dispute, a result of apaucity of records from the last years of his reign. The lack ofsubsequent mention of him after 870 led to the suggestion that he died inthat year, and as his heir was in the hands of his enemies, it was arguedthat García Jiménez then governed the kingdom as regent. García''s son,Fortún Garcés, is then made to succeed upon his released in 880. Thereis, however, no evidence for such a regency, and Sanchéz Albornoz hascited evidence that García was still living at the time of his son''sreturn. Thus it is likely that Balparda was reporting an accuratetradition when he suggested García and ally Umar ibn Hafsun fought abattle at Aybar against the troops of the Emir of Córdoba in 882, Garcíadying there (although the age provided him, 84 years, is clearlyexaggerated).
The identity of García''s wife or wives is poorly documented, and has beensubject to much speculation. An undated confirmation of an earlier lostcharter refers to King García and Queen Urraca Mayor, and this is thoughtby some to refer to García Íñiguez and an otherwise unknown wife. Basedon her name alone, it has been suggested that she was of the Banu Qasi,but other historians have given her different parentage, or even adifferent king as husband. Likewise, royal princess Leodegundia Ordoñezof Asturias, daughter of Ordoño I of Asturias, is known to have married aruler of Pamplona, and García Íñiguez is one of those speculated to havebeen this prince.
García Íñiguez had the following children:
Fortún, the future king.
Sancho, who was probably the Sancium regem named as son-in-law (generummeum) by Galindo Aznárez I, Count of Aragón in 867. He is also probablythe Sancho, lord of Pamplona and head of the Basques, who defeated andcaptured Muzaffar ibn Muza ibn Di al-Nun at some date between 865 and 875(during his brother''s captivity), as reported by chronicler Ibn Khaldun.Chronicler Al-Udri names Velasquita, wife of Mutarrif ibn Musa ibn Qasi,as a daughter of a sahib Sancho, although Ibn Hayyan reports her as adaughter of García Íñiguez. Sancho''s son, Aznar Sánchez, married adaughter of his uncle king Fortún Garcés and had a son, Sancho, and twofuture queens Toda Aznárez, wife of king Sancho Garcés I, and SanchaAznárez, wife of king Jimeno Garcés.
Onneca, wife of Aznar Galíndez II, Count of Aragón.
(perhaps) Velasquita, married to Mutarrif ibn Musa ibn Qasi, Wali ofHuesca, son of Musa ibn Musa, else daughter of his son Sancho.
(perhaps) Jimena, wife of Alfonso III of León (assignment of herparentage based on political and onomastic arguments, althoughchronologically unlikely).